機械熱間加工従事者

溶接工になるには

中国語の正式名称（2022年版職業分類大典）：焊工

別名: Arc Welder, Gas Welder, Brazer, Welding Equipment Operator, (Pressure) Equipment Welder

溶接機や溶接設備を使い、金属の工作物を溶接で接合する。

主な業務

溶接条件を設定する
部材を取り付けて固定する
溶接設備と治工具を設置し、調整する
部材の組立状態を確認し、部材を前処理して、溶接材料を乾燥させる
溶接トーチ、ガスバーナー、溶接棒ホルダーを使い、アーク溶接、ガス溶接、肉盛溶接を行う
機械化・自動化された溶接設備を操作する
溶接部を清掃し、外観品質を検査する
設備を保守する

就き方

職業教育の専攻: Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Aerospace Materials Precision Forming Technology (460610). Vocational major 460610 Aerospace Materials Precision Forming Technology (航空材料精密成型技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Additive Manufacturing Model Design; Additive Manufacturing Equipment Operation and Maintenance; Mechanical Engineering Drawing.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Intelligent Ship Welding Technology (460504). Vocational major 460504 Intelligent Ship Welding Technology (船舶智能焊接技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Special Operations Personnel; Special Equipment Inspection; Testing Personnel Qualification; Special Welding Technology.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Materials Forming and Control Technology (460107). Vocational major 460107 Materials Forming and Control Technology (材料成型及控制技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Mechanical Product 3D Model Design; Additive Manufacturing Model Design; Additive Manufacturing Equipment Operation and Maintenance.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Modern Casting Technology (460108). Vocational major 460108 Modern Casting Technology (现代铸造技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Mechanical Product 3D Model Design; Additive Manufacturing Model Design; Additive Manufacturing Equipment Operation and Maintenance.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Modern Forging and Pressing Technology (460109). Vocational major 460109 Modern Forging and Pressing Technology (现代锻压技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Mechanical Engineering Drawing.; Secondary vocational school (中职) major: Metal Hot Working (660104). Vocational major 660104 Metal Hot Working (金属热加工), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Additive Manufacturing Equipment Operation and Maintenance.; Secondary vocational school (中职) major: Metal Surface Treatment Technology Applications (660106). Vocational major 660106 Metal Surface Treatment Technology Applications (金属表面处理技术应用), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向).; Secondary vocational school (中职) major: Welding Technology Applications (660105). Vocational major 660105 Welding Technology Applications (焊接技术应用), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Welder; Special Welding Technology; Rail Transit Equipment Welding; Rail Transit Equipment Nondestructive Testing.
国家職業資格: Licence to practise: Special Operations Personnel. You need this qualification to work in the job. Listed in the national vocational qualifications catalogue (国家职业资格目录, 2021) as Special Operations Personnel (特种作业人员), run by Emergency Management Authorities; Mine Safety Supervision Authorities. Peernovo links it to this occupation.
国家職業資格: Licence to practise: Welder (civil nuclear safety equipment welder, welding operator). You need this qualification to work in the job. Listed in the national vocational qualifications catalogue (国家职业资格目录, 2021) as Welder (civil nuclear safety equipment welder, welding operator) (焊工（民用核安全设备焊工、焊接操作工）), run by Ministry of Ecology and Environment; State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence. Peernovo links it to this occupation.

給与 · AIとこの職業

中国全体の給与の中央値：年CN¥71,800（2025年）。
中間の半分：CN¥54,000～CN¥94,200。10人に1人はCN¥42,800未満、10人に1人はCN¥119,400超です。
これは中分類「機械製造基礎加工従事者」の数値で、この職業だけのものではありません。
全国の数値：人力資源社会保障部（MOHRSS）の企業賃金調査による、企業で働く人の賃金水準です。公的部門と自営業者は含みません。
広州のみ：中央値は年CN¥81,120（2025年）、中間の半分はCN¥62,400～CN¥108,979。
国際労働機関（ILO）の世界推計によると、生成AIがこの仕事でできることは比較的少ないとされています。

この仕事をしている人

国勢調査の中分類「機械製造基礎加工従事者」は中国の就業者全体の1.23%を占め、そのうち女性は16.1%です（2020年国勢調査）。
35歳未満が35.6%、35～54歳が56.1%、55歳以上が8.3%です。年齢の中央値は40～44歳の層にあります。
中分類全体の国勢調査の数値（2020年の長表抽出調査）で、この職業だけのものではありません。

よくある質問

溶接工になるにはどうすればいいですか？

主な就き方：Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Aerospace Materials Precision Forming Technology (460610)、Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Intelligent Ship Welding Technology (460504)。

中国での溶接工の収入はどのくらいですか？

中国全体では、企業で働く人の給与の中央値は年CN¥71,800です（人力資源社会保障部（MOHRSS）、2025年）。公的部門と自営業者は含みません。これは中分類「機械製造基礎加工従事者」の数値です。広州だけでは年CN¥81,120です（2025年）。

AIによって溶接工の仕事は変わりますか？

国際労働機関（ILO）の世界推計によると、生成AIがこの仕事でできることは比較的少ないとされています。

出典

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS): 2025 enterprise pay survey information: wage prices of enterprise employees by occupation mid group, and digital occupations (P10 to P90 annual CNY)（2025 (published 2026-07-08)）、2026年10月5日取得
Guangzhou Human Resources and Social Security Bureau: Guangzhou 2025 labour market wage prices (P10 to P90 annual CNY by occupation)（2025 (enterprise pay survey)）、2026年10月4日取得
National Bureau of Statistics of China: China Population Census Yearbook 2020, long-form tables 4-6 and 4-7 (employed by occupation mid group, sex, age)（2020 Census long form (10% sample)）、2026年10月4日取得
International Labour Organization, Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure (ILO Working Paper 140, Gmyrek et al.)（ILO Working Paper 140, May 2025, Annex Table A1）、CC BY 4.0、2026年10月4日取得

職業名、説明、主な業務は、中華人民共和国職業分類大典（2022年版）に基づく Peernovo 独自の中国語の説明から、Peernovo が日本語に翻訳しました。

Sources: Occupational Classification of the People's Republic of China (2022 edition, public consultation draft), Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, State Administration for Market Regulation and National Bureau of Statistics; Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, 2025 enterprise pay survey information; Guangzhou Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, 2025 labour market wage prices; National Bureau of Statistics of China (www.stats.gov.cn), 2020 Population Census yearbook; Ministry of Education, vocational education major profiles (2022 revision) and undergraduate major catalogue (2025); Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, national vocational qualifications catalogue (2021); O*NET interest scores (CC BY 4.0); ILO global generative AI exposure index (CC BY 4.0). Figures processed by Peernovo. English text, translations and the matching of occupations to ISCO-08, majors, degree fields and qualifications by Peernovo.

仕事内容と主な業務は、中華人民共和国職業分類大典（2022年版）の事実をもとに Peernovo が独自の言葉で書いたものです。職業名と職種名は大典のものです。

2026年10月5日更新