Rare and Precious Metal Smelting Workers

How to become a Tungsten and Molybdenum Metallurgy Operator

Official Chinese title (2022 occupational classification): 钨钼冶炼工

Also called: Tungsten and Molybdenum Powder Maker, Tungsten Oxide Operator, Ammonium Metatungstate Operator, Tungsten, Molybdenum and Cobalt Powder Reduction Operator, Tungsten Carbide Operator, Titanium Carbide Operator, Ferromolybdenum Smelting Operator, Pure Tungsten Trioxide, APT and Blue Tungsten Oxide Operator, Cast Tungsten Carbide Melting and Crushing Operator, Cast Tungsten Carbide Tube Maker, Roasting and Pressure Leaching Operator

Processes tungsten or molybdenum concentrates into all kinds of tungsten and molybdenum products.

Main tasks

Finely grinding concentrate and leaching it with acid to make sodium tungstate or sodium molybdate solution
Filtering off residue to obtain clear solution
Filtering out impurities to purify the solution
Obtaining high purity ammonium paratungstate or ammonium molybdate solution by solvent extraction or ion exchange
Adding extractants to recover rhenium, cobalt and other valuable metals
Crystallising, separating and drying to obtain solid powder
Calcining to make tungsten oxide, ammonium metatungstate and similar products
Roasting molybdenum concentrate to remove sulphur and crushing it to obtain molybdenum oxide
Smelting molybdenum oxide with additives to make molybdenum alloys
Reducing tungsten and molybdenum oxides to metal powder
Batching and making tungsten carbide powder in carburising furnaces
Maintaining equipment, clearing faults and keeping production records

Pay · AI and this job

Median pay in China: CN¥68,000 a year (2025).
Middle half: CN¥51,700 to CN¥90,000. One in ten earn less than CN¥42,200 and one in ten more than CN¥114,500.
This is the figure for the mid group Metal Smelting and Rolling Workers, not for this job alone.
National figure: wage prices of enterprise employees from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS) enterprise pay survey. The public sector and the self-employed are not covered.
Guangzhou only: median CN¥81,955 a year (2025), middle half CN¥54,000 to CN¥99,488.
This is the figure for the mid group Metal Smelting and Rolling Workers, not for this job alone.
Generative AI can do relatively little of this work, by the ILO's global estimate.

Who does this work

The census group Metal Smelting and Rolling Workers holds 0.3% of everyone employed in China; 16.8% of its workers are women (2020 Census).
30.9% are under 35, 60.2% are 35 to 54 and 8.8% are 55 or older. The middle age band is 40 to 44.
Census figures for the whole mid group (2020 long-form sample), not for this job alone.

Questions people ask

How much does a Tungsten and Molybdenum Metallurgy Operator earn in China?

Across China, the median pay of enterprise employees is CN¥68,000 a year (Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS), 2025). The public sector and the self-employed are not covered. It is the figure for the mid group Metal Smelting and Rolling Workers. In Guangzhou alone it is CN¥81,955 a year (2025).

Will AI change the work of a Tungsten and Molybdenum Metallurgy Operator?

Generative AI can do relatively little of this work, by the ILO's global estimate.

Sources

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS): 2025 enterprise pay survey information: wage prices of enterprise employees by occupation mid group, and digital occupations (P10 to P90 annual CNY) (2025 (published 2026-07-08)), retrieved 5 October 2026
Guangzhou Human Resources and Social Security Bureau: Guangzhou 2025 labour market wage prices (P10 to P90 annual CNY by occupation) (2025 (enterprise pay survey)), retrieved 4 October 2026
National Bureau of Statistics of China: China Population Census Yearbook 2020, long-form tables 4-6 and 4-7 (employed by occupation mid group, sex, age) (2020 Census long form (10% sample)), retrieved 4 October 2026
International Labour Organization, Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure (ILO Working Paper 140, Gmyrek et al.) (ILO Working Paper 140, May 2025, Annex Table A1), CC BY 4.0, retrieved 4 October 2026

Sources: Occupational Classification of the People's Republic of China (2022 edition, public consultation draft), Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, State Administration for Market Regulation and National Bureau of Statistics; Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, 2025 enterprise pay survey information; Guangzhou Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, 2025 labour market wage prices; National Bureau of Statistics of China (www.stats.gov.cn), 2020 Population Census yearbook; Ministry of Education, vocational education major profiles (2022 revision) and undergraduate major catalogue (2025); Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, national vocational qualifications catalogue (2021); O*NET interest scores (CC BY 4.0); ILO global generative AI exposure index (CC BY 4.0). Figures processed by Peernovo. English text, translations and the matching of occupations to ISCO-08, majors, degree fields and qualifications by Peernovo.

Descriptions and tasks are Peernovo's own words, written from the facts in the Occupational Classification of the People's Republic of China (2022 edition). Job titles and work types are the classification's own.

Updated 5 October 2026