建築技術者

土木建築施工技術者になるには

中国語の正式名称（2022年版職業分類大典）：土木建筑工程技术人员

工場、民間建築物、都市インフラなどの工事の施工と監督管理を担う。

主な業務

案件の業務指示書と入札文書を作成し、入札を取りまとめる
工事数量明細書と概算、予算、精算を作成・管理する
施工技術文書を作成し、施工を取りまとめて指導する
施工の進捗を管理し、コストを抑える
品質に関する個別計画を作成し、工事品質を管理して検査・評価する
安全で整然とした施工の計画を作成し、施工の安全を管理する
現場に搬入された材料と設備を検収する
原材料、完成品、半製品の検査を取りまとめる
施工技術資料を収集・整理する

就き方

大学: 工学の学位, 中国の105校の大学で開講 Related undergraduate subject classes in the Ministry of Education catalogue (2025): Civil Engineering (0810); majors such as Civil Engineering, Intelligent Construction, Urban Underground Space Engineering, Road, Bridge and River Crossing Engineering, Water Supply and Drainage Science and Engineering, Building Environment and Energy Engineering. Matched to the occupation by Peernovo.
大学: 建築・建築環境の学位, 中国の52校の大学で開講 Related undergraduate subject classes in the Ministry of Education catalogue (2025): Architecture (0828); majors such as Architecture, Historic Building Conservation Engineering, Urban and Rural Planning, Smart Building and Construction, Landscape Architecture, Human Settlements Science and Technology. Matched to the occupation by Peernovo.
職業教育の専攻: Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Architectural Decoration Engineering Technology (440102). Vocational major 440102 Architectural Decoration Engineering Technology (建筑装饰工程技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Constructor (Registered Construction Engineer); Interior Design; Construction Drawing Reading; Building Information Modelling (BIM).; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Building Engineering Technology (440301). Vocational major 440301 Building Engineering Technology (建筑工程技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Constructor (Registered Construction Engineer); Cost Engineer; Construction Drawing Reading; Building Information Modelling (BIM); Building Construction Process Implementation and Management.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Civil Engineering Testing Technology (440306). Vocational major 440306 Civil Engineering Testing Technology (土木工程检测技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Building Information Modelling (BIM); Road and Bridge Nondestructive Testing; Construction Quality Testing.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Intelligent Construction Technology (440304). Vocational major 440304 Intelligent Construction Technology (智能建造技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Constructor (Registered Construction Engineer); Supervising Engineer; Building Information Modelling (BIM); Intelligent Construction Design and Integration.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Prefabricated Building Engineering Technology (440302). Vocational major 440302 Prefabricated Building Engineering Technology (装配式建筑工程技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Constructor (Registered Construction Engineer); Construction Drawing Reading; Building Information Modelling (BIM); Prefabricated Building Component Fabrication and Installation.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Steel Structure Building Engineering Technology (440303). Vocational major 440303 Steel Structure Building Engineering Technology (建筑钢结构工程技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Constructor (Registered Construction Engineer); Construction Drawing Reading; Building Information Modelling (BIM); Building Construction Process Implementation and Management.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Underground and Tunnel Engineering Technology (440305). Vocational major 440305 Underground and Tunnel Engineering Technology (地下与隧道工程技术), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Building Construction Process Implementation and Management; Prefabricated Building Component Fabrication and Installation; Tunnel Boring Machine Operation.; Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Village and Town Development and Management (440203). Vocational major 440203 Village and Town Development and Management (村镇建设与管理), 3 years. The Ministry of Education's 2022 major profiles list this occupation among those the major prepares students for (职业面向). Example certificates: Registered Urban and Rural Planner; Construction Quality Testing; Building Information Modelling (BIM); Real Estate Data Collection and Database Building.
国家職業資格: Licence to practise: Constructor (Registered Construction Engineer). You need this qualification to work in the job. Listed in the national vocational qualifications catalogue (国家职业资格目录, 2021) as Constructor (Registered Construction Engineer) (建造师), run by Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development; Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. Peernovo links it to this occupation.

給与 · AIとこの職業

中国全体の給与の中央値：年CN¥79,500（2025年）。
中間の半分：CN¥55,200～CN¥123,700。10人に1人はCN¥42,000未満、10人に1人はCN¥192,300超です。
これは中分類「工学技術者」の数値で、この職業だけのものではありません。
全国の数値：人力資源社会保障部（MOHRSS）の企業賃金調査による、企業で働く人の賃金水準です。公的部門と自営業者は含みません。
広州のみ：中央値は年CN¥107,133（2025年）、中間の半分はCN¥71,484～CN¥159,275。
国際労働機関（ILO）の世界推計によると、生成AIがこの仕事でできることは比較的少ないとされています。

この仕事をしている人

国勢調査の中分類「工学技術者」は中国の就業者全体の2.35%を占め、そのうち女性は17.1%です（2020年国勢調査）。
35歳未満が48.9%、35～54歳が45.1%、55歳以上が6%です。年齢の中央値は35～39歳の層にあります。
中分類全体の国勢調査の数値（2020年の長表抽出調査）で、この職業だけのものではありません。

よくある質問

土木建築施工技術者になるにはどうすればいいですか？

主な就き方：工学の学位、建築・建築環境の学位、Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Architectural Decoration Engineering Technology (440102)、Higher vocational college (高职专科) major: Building Engineering Technology (440301)。

中国での土木建築施工技術者の収入はどのくらいですか？

中国全体では、企業で働く人の給与の中央値は年CN¥79,500です（人力資源社会保障部（MOHRSS）、2025年）。公的部門と自営業者は含みません。これは中分類「工学技術者」の数値です。広州だけでは年CN¥107,133です（2025年）。

AIによって土木建築施工技術者の仕事は変わりますか？

国際労働機関（ILO）の世界推計によると、生成AIがこの仕事でできることは比較的少ないとされています。

出典

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS): 2025 enterprise pay survey information: wage prices of enterprise employees by occupation mid group, and digital occupations (P10 to P90 annual CNY)（2025 (published 2026-07-08)）、2026年10月5日取得
Guangzhou Human Resources and Social Security Bureau: Guangzhou 2025 labour market wage prices (P10 to P90 annual CNY by occupation)（2025 (enterprise pay survey)）、2026年10月4日取得
National Bureau of Statistics of China: China Population Census Yearbook 2020, long-form tables 4-6 and 4-7 (employed by occupation mid group, sex, age)（2020 Census long form (10% sample)）、2026年10月4日取得
International Labour Organization, Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure (ILO Working Paper 140, Gmyrek et al.)（ILO Working Paper 140, May 2025, Annex Table A1）、CC BY 4.0、2026年10月4日取得

職業名、説明、主な業務は、中華人民共和国職業分類大典（2022年版）に基づく Peernovo 独自の中国語の説明から、Peernovo が日本語に翻訳しました。

Sources: Occupational Classification of the People's Republic of China (2022 edition, public consultation draft), Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, State Administration for Market Regulation and National Bureau of Statistics; Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, 2025 enterprise pay survey information; Guangzhou Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, 2025 labour market wage prices; National Bureau of Statistics of China (www.stats.gov.cn), 2020 Population Census yearbook; Ministry of Education, vocational education major profiles (2022 revision) and undergraduate major catalogue (2025); Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, national vocational qualifications catalogue (2021); O*NET interest scores (CC BY 4.0); ILO global generative AI exposure index (CC BY 4.0). Figures processed by Peernovo. English text, translations and the matching of occupations to ISCO-08, majors, degree fields and qualifications by Peernovo.

仕事内容と主な業務は、中華人民共和国職業分類大典（2022年版）の事実をもとに Peernovo が独自の言葉で書いたものです。職業名と職種名は大典のものです。

2026年10月5日更新